Dev:SSH Over USB

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SSH over USB using usbmuxd
You can either download a binary and run that or use a python script. The python script is a lot slower than the binary version. On Linux the python method is mostly deprecated, use the binary version provided by libimobiledevice. There is also a newer solution called gandalf.

Using binary
On Windows, ensure iTunes is installed, then download itunnel_mux_rev71.zip from Google Code. Unzip to a directory of choice.

On OS X and Linux, install libimobiledevice from your package manager.

Then:


 * Windows: Run
 * OS X/Linux:

Connect to  as you would over wifi.

If you have multiple devices connected, it may be useful to run multiple instances, specifying UDIDs and ports like so:

Making iproxy run automatically in the background on OS X

 * Install it with Homebrew
 * Create the file  with the contents:


 * run
 * You now don't have to run the iproxy binary every time you want to SSH over USB as the iproxy software is always running in the background

Using python
Tested on OS X and Windows.

You will need to have Python installed on your system.


 * Get usbmuxd source package and unpack. (Or if the linked usbmuxd package doesn't work, try libusbmuxd.)
 * Go into folder python-client
 * chmod +x tcprelay.py
 * Run ./tcprelay.py -t 22:2222

Now you can log into your device via ssh mobile@localhost -p 2222

The -t switch tells tcprelay to run threaded and allow more than one ssh over the same port.

See ./tcprelay.py --help for further options.

Using gandalf
Tested on OS X and Linux, each with up to 29 devices connected at the same time. The advantage of using gandalf is that it is written in a functional programming language, which practically means that it won't give you seg faults and it is actively maintained https://github.com/onlinemediagroup/ocaml-usbmux

You need to have opam installed, it is OCaml's package manager.
 * Installation

On OS X you can do:

$ brew install opam

(If on Linux, then get opam via your package manager, details available https://opam.ocaml.org/doc/Install.html, Ubuntu users please pay attention, need to use a ppa for opam). It is important that your compiler is up to date, you can check with opam switch, make sure its at least >= 4.02.0

then

$ opam install usbmux

This will install the command line tool gandalf and an OCaml library.


 * gandalf usage.

The following are a series of usages of gandalf, all short form arguments have long-forms as well and -v can be added at any time.

1) See with realtime updates what devices are connected

$ gandalf This will start up gandalf in listen mode, that is it will print out whenever a device connects or disconnects and more crucially it will print out the UDID of each device.

2) Start with a mapping file which is of the form  ::. The # character starts comments So an example mapping file would be:

123456dfg213423453456123dfg:2000:22 frgfg2345345123jifgidfug123:2001:22
 * 1) the phone1 udid, local port 2000, phone's port 22 aka ssh
 * 1) phone 2, same deal but note different local port

and the gandalf invocation is:

$ gandalf -m mapping

2.1) You can also daemonize gandalf with the -d flag. *NOTE*: You might need to end up doing that under sudo as gandalf needs to make a pid file under /var/run.

3) To see a pretty JSON representation of devices and their ports that are currently connected, do: $ gandalf -s

4) To reload gandalf with a new set of mappings, do:

$ gandalf -r

This will cancel all running threads and reload from the original mappings file, so make your changes there.

5) To cleanly exit gandalf, do: *NOTE* This might require super user permissions. $ gandalf -e

Check out the man page, accessible with: $ gandalf --help

or

$ man gandalf

Simple invocation:

$ sudo `which gandalf` --mappings etc/mapping --daemonize --verbose


 * Important Notes and Catches

1) If you are running this on Linux, then you might get issues with usbmuxd having issues when more than around 7 devices are plugged in. This is because multiple threads are trying to call various libxml2 freeing functions. I have a forked version of libplist that usbmuxd uses, sans the memory freeing calls. Its available here. Compile and install that, then compile and install usbmuxd from source. This will leak memory but its not that much at all and I believe it to be a fixed amount.

2) Another issue you might have is USB3.0. The Linux kernel might crap out on you after 13 devices. This is a combination of the kernel not giving enough resources and the host controller on your motherboard being crappy. The solution to this problem is to disable USB3.0 in your BIOS. To verify that USB3.0 isn't working check with lsusb

SSH over USB using the iFunBox GUI (Windows only)
This feature only exists in the Windows build of iFunBox.


 * Get the latest Windows build of iFunBox and install it.
 * Click on "Quick Toolbox," then "USB Tunnel."
 * Assign ports as you see fit.

Theos usage
Export the following variables in your shell in order to deploy builds to the connected device:

SSH without password
Run the following command one time and you will not be asked to type your password again.

On OS X, ssh-copy-id will need to be installed with.